 |
Bosnia and Herzegovina
|
|
6th/7th century
|
Immigration of Slavs to the Bosnia and Herzegovina region |
| 1180 |
Bosnian principality under Ban Kulin. He
tolerates the religious movement of the Bogomils, who are persecuted as a
heretical movement in other areas of the western Balkans |
| 1353-1391 |
The Bosnian principality flourishes under King
Tvrtko I |
| 1463 |
The majority of Bosnia under Turkish rule;
conversion of Bogomil sections of the population to the Islam |
| 1481 |
Herzegovina under Turkish rule |
| 1580 |
Reunification of Bosnia and Herzegovina as a
‘pashaluk’ |
| around 1700 |
Stabilization of the borders between the
Ottoman Empire (‘Bosnian Pashaluk’) and the Habsburg monarchy |
| 1839 |
Dissolution of the self-administration of
Bosnia after anti-Turkish revolts by the feudal Islamic upper strata |
| 1878 |
Austro-Hungarian occupation of
Bosnia following the Berlin Congress |
| 1908 |
Annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary |
| 1912/13 |
Balkan wars: Serbia makes a futile attempt to
establish itself more firmly in B+H |
| 28 June 1914 |
Assassination of the Austro-Hungarian heir to
the throne and his wife by the Serbian nationalist Gavrilo Princip in
Sarajevo |
| 1918 |
Bosnia-Herzegovina becomes part of the new
kingdom of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenians |
| 1929 |
Proclamation of the ‘Kingdom of Yugoslavia’;
dictatorship of King Alexander |
| 1939 |
‘Sporazum’: Serbs and Croats agree on the
division of B+H into Serb and Croat-dominated Banovinas (Cvetkovic-Macek) |
| 1941 |
German and Italian troops occupy Yugoslavia;
B+H is integrated into the fascist ‘Independent State of Croatia’ |
| 25 November 1943 |
Constitution of the ‘People’s Republic of
Bosnia-Herzegovina’ (NRBiH) |
| 29 November 1943 |
Proclamation of the ‘Federal People’s Republic
of Yugoslavia’ (FNRJ) |
| 1963 |
New Bosnian constitution: Muslims recognized as
a ‘people’ of Bosnia for the first time |
| 1971 |
National census: Muslims can officially
register for the first time as ‘Muslims in the sense of a nation’ (approx.
800,000 do so) |
| 1974 |
New constitutions of the Federation (Socialist
Federal Republic of Yugoslavia) and of the republics: strong tendency
towards decentralization |
| 1980 |
Death of Tito |
| Summer 1991 |
Collapse of Yugoslavia |
| 1 March 1992 |
Referendum: majority of Bosnian Muslims and
Croats in favour of independence, most Serbs boycott the voting; as a result,
first the Bosnian Serbs, and then, a year later, also the Bosnian Croats (in
Herzegovina) attempted to take control of as large areas of land as possible,
in order to finally annex them to their respective ‘mother country’ (ca.
278,000 dead and missing persons, 1.325 million refugees and exiles) |
| 6 April 1992 |
Recognition of the Republic of Bosnia and
Herzegovina by US and EU member states |
|
18 March 1994 |
In Washington, Bosnians and Croats sign the treaty to form a ‘Federation of
Bosnia-Herzegovina |
|
|
14 December 1995 |
Signing of the Dayton Accords in Paris: unified
and politically independent state of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH),
consisting of the Federation of BiH (FBiH) and Republika Srpska (RS); full
responsibility for the political and civil implementation of the Peace
Accords is in the hands of the High Representative (Bildt, Westendorp, since
July 1999: Petritsch). The latter receives political directives from the
steering committee of the Peace Implementation Council (PIC), including
representatives of the G8 states, the EU presidency, the EU Commission and
Turkey (for the Organization of the Islamic Conference). The High
Representative reports to the UN Security Council. Separation of the
factions at war and the stabilization of the security situation were
guaranteed under the leadership of NATO from the end of 1995 onwards, first
by IFOR, and then, from the end of 1996, by the stabilization force SFOR |
